Finance Mechanisms
How Countries Fund Biodiversity
From payment for ecosystem services to green bonds, nations deploy a range of tools to bridge the conservation funding gap.
Country Profiles
Biodiversity Finance by Region
Country-level analysis of conservation expenditures, funding gaps, and financial strategies.
BR
Brazil
Amazon conservation funding, ICMS Ecológico, and payment for watershed services.
ZA
South Africa
Biodiversity economy strategy, natural capital accounting, and Working for Water programs.
CR
Costa Rica
Payments for environmental services (PSA), eco-tourism revenue, and forest carbon markets.
PH
Philippines
Protected areas legislation, coral reef valuation, and marine biodiversity investment.
MW
Malawi
Forestry fee reform, wetland ecosystem valuation, and biodiversity expenditure reviews.
CL
Chile
Environmental investment frameworks, marine protected area funding, and green taxation.
SC
Seychelles
Blue bond issuance, marine spatial planning finance, and debt-for-nature arrangements.
BT
Bhutan
Constitutional conservation mandates, carbon-negative economy, and GNH-aligned biodiversity funding.
News & Research
Latest from Conservation Finance
Workbooks & Methodology
Our coverage draws on established frameworks for measuring biodiversity expenditures, assessing financial needs, and identifying the most suitable finance solutions for different national contexts.
Expenditure Reviews
How much countries currently spend on biodiversity.
Needs Assessments
Measuring the true cost of meeting conservation targets.
Finance Plans
Country-specific strategies to close funding gaps.
Solution Catalogues
150+ mechanisms categorized and reviewed.